Improvement in locks



@anni (attire,

Tiros POWERS, or NEW YORK, N. Y.'

Letters Patent-No. 107,100, dated September 6, 18701 IMPROVEMENT INLOCKS.

The Scheule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame To allwhom it may concern:

Beit known that I, TITUs Pownns, of the city of New York, in the Stateof New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Locks forDoors, Drawers, 85e., of which the following is aspeeification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof,in which- Y Figure 1 isa sectional view of myvlock, cut through ondotted line z in fig. 2.

Figure?l is a plan of the back of my lock, having a portion of the easeinclosing the working parts cut away, exposing the interior.

In both of these figures the bolt is shown thrown out.

' Figures 3 and 4 are views similar to figs. 1 and 2, but showing thebolt thrown back into the lock.

Figure 5 isa side view of the tumbler.

Figure 6 is an edgevview of the same.

Figure 7 is a side view of thebolt.- y

Figure 8 is a view of a section of the bolt cut throughon the dottedline a in fig. 7.

Figure 9 is a side view of the key.

Figure 10 is an edge view of the same.

My invention consists in, so combining within aloek a tumbler, bolt,fence, `and double-acting spring, that when the tumbler isout of andfree from the fenceit is forced, uecessaril y, both laterally andvertically, away from thefposition in which it must be in order to enterthe fence, thus making it necessary-,in order to rcadjustf the tumbler,to enter the' fence, (and by that means permit the bolt to be thrownback into the lock after being thrown ont,) to move the tuinbler, bothvertically and laterally, against the. force employedto move it ont ofadjustment with the fence.

A is the face plate of the lock.

D is the back plate, forming with the face plate the ease containing theworking parts.

B is the bolt.

C is the tumbler, loosely fastened at the bent end n in the face-plate,so'that it may swing a little laterally upon its fastening, the otherend, t, resting ou the face of the bolt.

a is a fence, standing up on the' inner face of the boit, having in itan opening, k, which may be of any shape desired.; the ends t of thetumbler being made toV correspond in shape with the opening. Thisopening does not extend, as will be noticed, quite to the face of thebolt, leaving a shoulder, s, between the opening and such face.

f is an opening through the bolt ot' an irregular shape, and largeenough to permit the key to turn within iton the post ai without movingthe bolt until it (the key) engages in the notch h.

Whenthese several parts ,are combined and arranged, as shown in figs. 1and 2, it is evident that the bolt, when thrown ont, will be preventedfrom moving back into the lqck by the end t of the tumbler c, which willrest against both the shoulders s and the portion of the body of thefelice on the side of the opening It nearest theopening f, it being helddown upon the face of the bolt, and at the same time forced to the sideof the opening k by the spring p, the 'said spring acting in bothdirections for such purposes. If preferred, the spring p may be made toact only in one direction, and force the tumbler laterally `parallel tothe face of the bolt, and another spring Amay be employed to press thetumbler against the face of the bolt.

Now, in order to move the end t of the tumbier from this position to onecoinciding with the opening k, it must be forced back against the springp, and also lifted. ofi' from the face of the bolt,'up just to the topof the shoulder s. The key is made to give to the tumbler these twomotions.

'lhe surface c of the bit 0f the key is au inclined plane, which, whenthe key is placed in the lockA and turned, passes under the tumbler andlifts it up to the top of the incline, while the shoulder t', on thebitof the key, forces the tumbler back against the spring @and theinclined surface c and the shoulder t' are so made that they will carrythe tumbler into a position exactly coinciding with the opening k. Thenthe key, engaging with the bolt in the notch It, throws it back into thelock. v

1f preferred, the end t ofthe tumbler may be forced out against the backplate D, and made to engage with a shoulder on the opposite side of theopening It, and then the wing of the key c must be made to pass inbetween the tumbler and the back plate D and force the end t of thetumbler towardk the bolt and into range with the opening k iu the fence.

lVhen the bolt is thrown in the notch o in the tumbler engages with thefence, as shown, and locks the bolt in that position.

The several parts described are, of course, susceptible of a greatvariety of forms without departing from the spirit of my invention, theessential conditions being that the tumbler shall be forcedboth-vertically and laterally ont of adjustment with the fence whendisengaged from it. v

l do not claim broadly the combination in -a lock of a bolt having'uponit a fence with atuinbler arranged to pass through au opening; nor do Iclaim merely the controlling ofthe tumbler bythe key, so as to guide itthrough the opening in the fence, where the tumbler, when out of thefence and uncontrolled by the key, is left free to fall or pass into anyposition to which its gravity may carry it, or where it is not forced bysome means out of range, both vertically andlatcrnlly, with the openingin the fence. As I am aware that such a construction and arrangement oftumblers in a lock is not new; but it is evident that when a tumbler'isthus left free, it is more likely than otherwise when out of the fenceand freed from the control of the key, to fall or move into a positionin a line directly vertical'or lateral to the opening in the l fence,and trom which it will only need to be moved to force the tumbleragainst the spring into range with the opening in the fence, and then topush the bolt back while the tumbler enters such opening. To thisspcciticcolnbination and arrangement of the bolt, fence, and springs, Iconfine my claim.

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

The combination in a lock of the bolt B, the fence a, the tumbler C, andthe double-acting spring p, atl constructed, arranged, and operatingsubstantially as and for the purpose specified.v

TITUS POWERS.

Witnesses:

WiLLIAM H. Dow,

Lewis A. Dow.

